
We each come to parenting from different circumstances, with experiences, personalities, beliefs, and traits that are unique to us. It’s no surprise, therefore, that the way we bring up our own children can be very different to those of other parents. Indeed, our own idiosyncratic upbringings may influence what we believe to be a good approach to parenting — or a bad one. Some parents, for example, may mimic how their own parents brought them up. Others may head in the opposite direction for one reason or another. Now they have become a parent too, should they be permissive, gentle, strict, or even authoritarian in their own parenting style? Is somewhere in the middle a good balance? What’s best for children generally, and their child specifically? There are so many questions to ask oneself as a new parent — it’s quite a minefield! With all that in mind, we explore some of the most important parenting styles today, and find out what the experts have to say about them.
So Many Parenting Names & Styles!
There is an incredible array of names for parenting styles. You may have heard, for example, of names like helicopter parenting, velcro parenting, indulgent parenting, parent-led parenting, and mindful parenting, along with a myriad of other descriptions. Some styles are quite distinct, others are subtle variations of each other, and several have more than one name. No wonder it’s confusing!
In light of all of this, we’re going to concentrate on just a few key parenting styles today. These are styles that have been around long enough to have undergone a reasonable amount of study by experts. So, for our chosen key styles, we can share some useful findings, valuable feedback, and perhaps provide a little guidance for new and expectant parents. If you’re one, see what you think — and where, perhaps, you’d like your own parenting style to fit in.
Key Elements of Parenting Styles
Before we launch into specific styles, bear in mind that all parenting styles can usually be broken down into the ways in which they mix several key elements. These include:
- the amount of emotional warmth and empathy provided by parents for the child;
- the amount children’s input and feedback is taken on board by parents;
- how strictly rules, structure, boundaries, and discipline are applied by parents;
- the amount of help, guidance, leadership, and even role-modelling provided by the parent.
Some, for example, may show high warmth, relaxed rules, two-way feedback, and lots of guidance towards the child. Others may provide the complete opposite — or indeed somewhere in between. Crucially, outcomes for children can be quite different, depending on the exact mix.
It’s also important to mention that parents may not stick to just one parenting style all the time, as there will be circumstances where, for one reason or another, they may need to switch styles. Every child and every parent is different, too. For such reasons, it’s simply not possible to say, with any certainty, that one style will fit every family perfectly — indeed, a mix is often needed as circumstances change.
Authoritative Parenting
The So-Called ‘Gold Standard’ of Parenting Styles
Let’s start with a style that’s often referred to as the ‘gold standard’ of parenting styles — authoritative parenting. For many years, experts have suggested that this particular parenting style has possibly the best overall balance in its approach. However, it’s important not to confuse authoritative parenting, which is fairly gentle, with authoritarian parenting, a far more strict style. Authoritative parenting is thought by experts to have a well-balanced mix of elements in its approach, resulting in good outcomes for children raised under its style. The style typically has the following elements in its make-up:
- Parents are very warm towards children, showing a huge amount of empathy, love, understanding, and compassion towards them. Parents are attuned to children’s feelings, needs, and abilities.
- Two-way feedback is encouraged, with children’s perspectives and points of view being acknowledged during interactions and activity planning. They will therefore feel listened to and heard.
- When it comes to rules, authoritative parents give children clear, age-appropriate structure, defined boundaries, and clarity, using a cooperative approach, without threat of punishment. Instead, rules are gently applied through positive reinforcement (praise and rewards) and an approach that has clear reasoning and is fair, empathetic, and measured. Children will thereby know what is expected of them and why.
- ‘Authoritative’ parents are good role models, teaching by doing, demonstrating, or explaining clearly, so that children can learn how to mirror their behaviour and logical approach to things.
- Children’s achievements, however large or small, are celebrated.
Outcomes from Authoritative Parenting
Professional studies suggest very favourable outcomes from well-implemented authoritative parenting. Children raised using this parenting style tend to do well academically and show high levels of self-motivation. They are naturally curious, eager to learn and discover, and are often very creative. They tend to take the initiative and are self-reliant, independent children with appropriate boundaries and self-control. They are sociable, with healthy bonds with friends and family, and show respect to others. Statistically, they also tend to be happier and have better mental health than children raised using many of the other parenting styles. Interestingly, they are also less likely to misuse drugs and alcohol when they’re older. What’s not to like about authoritative parenting!
The Gentle Parenting Style
Gentle parenting is a style that’s been very prominent on social media in recent years. Many may not realise, however, that it’s simply a soft variant of Authoritative parenting. That said, though, it still retains clear rules and boundaries for the child to follow. It’s crucially important, however, not to confuse gentle parenting with permissive parenting (also known as indulgent parenting), which, as the name suggests, has far fewer boundaries — very few in fact. Not so, though, with gentle parenting if approached correctly.
Being a soft variant of authoritative parenting means that the same kind of elements make up the gentle parenting style. These include a very high level of empathy and warmth towards the child, close bonds, a collaborative approach to rules and boundaries, avoidance of the threat of punishments in favour of rewarding/praising good behaviour, and acknowledgement of the child’s feelings, opinions, and perspective.
Outcomes from Gentle Parenting
Being a close variant of authoritative parenting also means that outcomes for children are likely to be very similar, i.e. extremely positive. However, we should add that, for gentle parenting specifically, there are not the years and years of study that authoritative parenting has enjoyed as a whole. We can take educated guesses to conclude that, if well implemented, gentle parenting has very similar benefits to authoritative parenting. Those are wide-ranging and comprehensive, as you can see in the section above. However, if gentle parenting is badly implemented, there’s a danger that it could stray into territory more akin to permissive parenting, which does not have such good outcomes. We’ll come to that parenting style next.
The Permissive Parenting Style
Permissive (a.k.a. Indulgent) parenting is a style that prioritises a child’s happiness over virtually everything else. As such, it’s a warm, empathetic, and loving parenting style. However, rules, structure, and discipline are extremely thin on the ground. Parents and children prioritise fun and their close relationship. When under-fives go through emotional periods in their development, it’s true that this permissiveness can counteract some of their emotional turmoil, but it does come at a cost.
Outcomes from Permissive Parenting
Children raised using a permissive parenting style have few boundaries and rules to follow, so are free to do pretty much whatever they want. That can often make for immense fun and a level of freedom that they will often enjoy. They will feel well-supported emotionally, be able to express themselves freely, be resourceful, and often have good self-esteem.
However, such an upbringing, with a lack of discipline, structure, and boundaries, can lead to several negative outcomes. These may include feelings of entitlement as well as behaviour that falls short of what’s usually expected by others around them. They may also lack self-discipline, accountability for their actions, and respect for the feelings of others. The lack of parental control and oversight can also, of course, lead to danger for the child. It may also mean children do not develop good eating and hygiene habits, which could cause health problems further down the line.
The Authoritarian Parenting Style
Authoritarian parenting (not to be confused with Authoritative parenting explained earlier) is the harshest of today’s parenting styles. As the name suggests, parents who use this parenting approach tend to be rather like dictators, whose rules must be followed … or else! With this parenting style, children must do what they’re told, often without understanding why, and the parent dominates them. There is no warmth or empathy for the child with this style. What the parent says goes. High standards are usually demanded, with stern discipline and punishments if children do not comply or achieve such standards. There is also no debate, so children’s views are not listened to or taken into account.
Outcomes from Authoritarian Parenting
Although authoritarian parenting is a hard style, as such it can mean that rules and boundaries are quickly understood. However, they may be understood simply because of the fear of the repercussions and punishment should they get things wrong. Blind obedience is expected. So, children learn, but through fear. They may learn the rules, but they often do not understand the reasons for the rules — because they’re never explained. They may struggle at school. Children may even need to develop deceitful tactics in order to avoid conflict following misdemeanours.
Research suggests that children raised using the authoritarian approach can develop mental health problems like depression and anxiety. They may also be more prone, through frustration and resentment at not being heard, to anger outbursts. It may not surprise you to learn that, sadly, they often also have low levels of self-esteem and confidence.
Uninvolved Parenting
Also known as neglectful parenting, uninvolved parenting “does what it says on the tin” i.e. children are very much left to their own devices with this style. They receive no love, affection, or empathy from parents. There are no rules or structure to their daily lives. They receive no guidance, and parents are certainly not role models. Children just have do make to as best they can, unsupported by parents. There may be different reasons for this, of course (not all ‘neglectful’ parents are uninvolved by choice — for example, they may be physically or mentally unwell or be working three jobs just to survive).
Outcomes from Uninvolved Parenting
Overall, studies found that uninvolved parenting has amongst the very worst outcomes for children. It may be true that children brought up via an uninvolved/neglectful parenting style may, by necessity, grow up resourceful, good at problem-solving, and capable of great independence. However, because of the neglect during their childhoods, they are also likely to suffer from a variety of negative outcomes. These include attachment issues, a disconnect and lack of bonds with parents, emotional insecurity with others, low self-esteem, and behavioural issues. Given that parental input in children’s education is also incredibly beneficial to children, a lack of it is clearly going to be detrimental to their academic performance, which is likely to adversely affect their career potential too.
Final Thoughts
There are many other names for parenting styles, but we have covered the most important and well-studied ones above. It’s clear that some have significantly better outcomes for children than others, so we hope today’s guide helps to shed some light on the key options. Clearly, there are some styles to avoid, and some that seem to have very positive outcomes. And, as we said before, it’s likely that parents may need to juggle more than one style, from time to time, as circumstances — and perhaps danger and stress levels — demand. Parenting is hard, and every child and family situation is unique. Whichever parenting style(s) you use, we wish you well on your parenting journey.
High-Quality Childcare in Clayton-le-Woods
Little Acorns Nursery, Clayton-le-Woods, Chorley

We hope you found today’s post interesting and useful. Please feel free to bookmark and share it if so. We’re Little Acorns Nursery in Clayton-le-Woods, near Chorley. We’re officially a ‘Good’ childcare provider, so you know your child will be in safe hands, and we offer support for funded childcare hours for eligible working families. We also have our own, newly reopened Forest School, which both children and parents love!
Get in touch today to explore a possible place for your child at Little Acorns Nursery:
Little Acorns Nursery represents a high-quality and convenient childcare choice for families in Clayton-le-Woods, Clayton Brook, Clayton Green, Chorley, Penwortham, Leyland, Bamber Bridge, Lostock Hall, Thorpe Green, Pippin Street, Buckshaw Village, Whittle-le-Woods, Farington, Euxton, and many other locations nearby.




Summer is a wonderful time for children to get outdoors. There, they can breathe the fresh air, benefit from being closer to the natural world, and escape from electronic screens. Nature is incredibly good for children as well as adults (more about that later). A simple way to encourage little ones outdoors is to take them on an exciting and educational nature hunt! There are many fascinating things to look out for during the summer months including butterflies, caterpillars, bees, beautiful wildflowers and much more. A summer nature hunt will open their eyes and minds to the wonders of nature’s flora and fauna, lead to educational conversations with accompanying adults, and be an enjoyable and educational activity. Within all that in mind, we’ve put together a free Summer Nature Hunt poster that will give children and families an idea of what to look out for during the warmer months of summer — and serve as useful visual reference. The poster is free to download right here in this blog post (see below). Once printed out, it can be displayed large on children’s bedroom walls or taken along during the activity — perhaps reduced to a convenient size like A5. Children can use the little tick boxes to tick off each item that’s been spotted. So, venture out little ones — see how many wonderful things you can spot in the natural world this summer!
Many of the adorable creatures featured in the poster will be easy to spot at this time of year. Bees, hoverflies, and other pollinators are common to see where flowers are blooming. Butterflies are both stunningly beautiful and at their most abundant during July and August each year, so are sure to delight children with their fabulous colours and patterns. Delightful ladybirds are also rather abundant right now (time of writing: mid-July). Wildflowers like poppies and daisies always make the world a more beautiful place, so they’re a wonderful thing for children to discover too.
Has your little one ever seen apples growing on a tree? All that blossom from earlier in the year has now given way to little green apples that will grow and ripen as we head further into the year — eventually becoming ready to fall or be eaten come autumn. It’s a great example to show under-fives where some food comes from and explain why pollinators are so important.
We must also mention slow worms. Now we will be honest here: they’re quite a challenge to spot as they’re very shy and incredibly silent. They may hide in long grass, under grass cuttings, in the undergrowth, and in compost heaps. They are likely to come out only to warm themselves in the sunshine. That’s because they are essentially cold-blooded and legless lizards rather than any kind of snake. Children will have to be very lucky, patient, stealthy, or have deliberately made 
As we said in the introduction, spending time in and around nature is incredibly beneficial to children of all ages. Studies have proven a myriad of benefits, in fact. Just a few examples include a lowering of stress and anxiety, improved motor skills, greater knowledge of the world (and children’s place within it), improved empathy for other living things, a feeling of greater responsibility for nature’s flora and fauna, a development of often lifelong greener values and choices, and even improved academic grades! These are just a few examples — the benefits of spending time closer to nature are incredible. Learn more about 


Little learners, get ready – it’s almost time to buzz into action for World Bee Day! The annual event arrives in May and it’s a brilliant opportunity for children and families to get involved in something meaningful, fun, and full of learning opportunities.
World Bee Day is celebrated every year on 20th May to raise awareness of the vital role that bees and other pollinators play in our world. From helping plants grow and supporting the food we eat every day, bees are some of nature’s hardest workers – and they need our help to survive and thrive.
“Bee inspired by nature to nourish us all”
Getting involved in World Bee Day isn’t just fun — it also supports many areas of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS), helping children learn and grow in meaningful, hands-on ways. Here are just a few ways bee-related activities can support early development:
Expressive Arts and Design: Making bee crafts, drawing flowers, role-playing as working bees, or moving like insects in a dance — all help develop creativity and imagination.
There are so many fun and simple ways for little learners to join in with World Bee Day! Here are a few activities that are perfect for children under five — each one encourages creativity, curiosity, and care for nature while also supporting the EYFS.
Using paper plates, cardboard tubes, egg cartons or recycled materials, children can create their own bees! Add wings, stripes, googly eyes and antennae for a hands-on creative session. These are wonderfully creative activities that will boost several areas of the EYFS including Expressive Arts & Design and Physical Development.
Explore the garden or outdoor space and, without disturbing them, see what pollinators your child can spot. Can they see any bees? What colours and flowers do they seem to like best? Are they collecting nectar? What type of bees are they? Bumblebees are super cute. Honey bees are super-hard workers and do so much for the world. A bee-spotting activity is a great opportunity to explore areas of the EYFS that include Understanding the World and Communication & Language.




With September 2024 arriving, eligible children aged as young as 9 months can now access free childcare in England. The new childcare ‘hours’ are available where working families are eligible for the support and, in tandem, where local childcare providers are set up with appropriate staffing ratios and capacity. The good news, however, is that Little Acorns Nursery, in Clayton-le-Woods, supports the new scheme. It’s therefore with great pleasure that we’re now beginning to welcome children as young as just 9 months of age for free childcare hours at the Chorley setting.
From September 2024 (so already active), eligible children aged from 9 months to 3 years of age can access 570 hours and eligible children aged 3 and 4 can access 1140 hours of free childcare support per year. The free hours are usually taken over the course of 38 weeks (equating to 15 and 30 hours per week respectively). However, some childcare providers may allow the hours to be spread over more weeks of the year by reducing the number of hours per week. Speak directly to your specific childcare provider about the availability of this more flexible option.
Must not have an
Little Acorns is a wonderful 

By mid-November, autumn is in full swing and leaves are turning a myriad of different colours. Scenes of green, yellow, red and golden trees can be breathtakingly beautiful and the air is often crystal clear at this time of year — that’s great for photos! The autumn season also brings with it a treasure trove of fascinating natural things that children can discover if they take the time to look. Indeed, an autumn nature hunt is the perfect excuse for little ones to spend some time outdoors, where they will also 
Ensure children, particularly the very young, receive appropriate adult supervision at all times. Although fascinating and fun, the outdoors holds many hazards for the unwary. Therefore, children will need to be closely monitored by a responsible adult in order to safeguard their well-being.

In the world of child development and early education, there is a simple yet profound truth: children learn best when they are learning through play. Play is the universal language of childhood and, indeed, it transcends both borders and cultures. Whether it’s building sand castles on a sunny beach or arranging blocks on the floor at home, play is the gateway through which children explore, discover, and grow.
As adults, we often associate learning with classrooms, textbooks, and structured lessons. However, for children, the process of learning is a dynamic and ever-evolving adventure, with play being their very best companion during the journey.
Do babies benefit from play? Absolutely. Play is the first way through which infants start understanding their world. They use their senses to explore toys, grasp objects, and make sense of the environment around them. Sensory play, such as touching different textures or listening to soothing sounds, stimulates their developing senses and lays the groundwork for future learning.
During the run-up to the age of 5, play is integral to children’s development. During this phase, children are like little sponges, soaking up information from their surroundings. Play allows them to experiment, make connections, and refine their cognitive and many other skills. Skills enhanced through play include:
Creating playful environments — we understand the importance of a conducive environment for learning through play. With that in mind, we provide carefully designed play spaces that are rich in stimulating materials and resources. These spaces allow children to engage in various types of play, from imaginative to sensory, in a safe and supportive setting.

While listening to music has a unique way of resonating with the human spirit, actually creating it on a musical instrument elevates that connection to entirely new levels. What’s more, learning to play an instrument leads to a whole host of multifaceted benefits. Whether tinkling piano keys, strumming guitar strings, or playing a wind instrument, children who learn to play a musical instrument will soon discover a whole world of opportunities and advantages that extend far beyond the realm of melody and harmony. With that in mind, today’s article explores the myriad of sometimes surprising benefits that learning to play music will bring to children, even at a very young age. Take a look below and discover how musicianship could benefit your child, extend their skills and potentially enrich their life profoundly.
The influence of music on brain development is nothing short of remarkable. Learning to play an instrument engages various parts of the brain simultaneously and is like a 360-degree workout for the mind! As such, its cognitive benefits are profound. Children who take up musical instruments therefore tend to excel in memory, problem-solving, and mathematical skills. Indeed, studies have shown that musical training can lead to improved academic performance, enhancing children’s abilities, particularly in subjects like mathematics and science. So, when your child learns to play a violin, piano, guitar or even a simple recorder, they’re not just making music; they’re also fine-tuning their cognitive abilities.
Learning an instrument represents a real journey of creativity and imagination. Children explore melodies, experiment with harmonies, and may often progress to compose their own tunes. This creative process nurtures their imagination and encourages them to think in new and alternative ways. Making music really is a powerful tool for unlocking children’s artistic potential.
Music is often a collaborative endeavour and that, in itself, will bring additional benefits to children. As well as simply being enjoyable, group music lessons and ensemble playing will teach children valuable social and teamwork skills. Through music-making, they will learn to listen, cooperate, and communicate effectively with others at appropriate times — and even to make more friends. Such skills go well beyond the world of music and are fundamental in importance and positive impact.
For infants and toddlers, musical exploration can start with simple activities like singing lullabies, clapping to a rhythm, or playing with simple musical or percussive toys. These activities introduce them to the world of sound and rhythm in a playful and engaging way.




Today’s flower-growing children’s activity follows on nicely from last month’s
It’s possible to sow wildflower seeds from March right through to mid-October or, at a push, early November so long as snow or frost is not forecast. Those sown closer to March and April will generally flower in late spring/early summer. Those sown very late in the year will flower the following year, from spring onwards. Any sown up to and including the middle period, for example during July, should still flower in the same year — wildflowers usually bloom some 60 to 80 or so days later if they’re timed to grow in the same year as they’re sown.
There are several ways for children and families to source wildflower seeds. The most obvious way is to buy them commercially, in seed packets. These are available from any number of different outlets including nurseries, supermarkets,
If you buy your child commercially-available wildflower seeds, the information on the packet will often say if the resulting flowers are bee-friendly, butterfly-friendly, good for pollinators, and so on. So, if you’re sourcing seeds that way, much of the decision-making criteria around which actual flowers to grow is made clear and therefore the choice is easy.
By their very nature, wildflowers are generally not very picky in regard to the type of soil they are happy to grow in. Therefore you/your child will have a greater choice of where to sow the wildflower seeds. A fairly clear sunny area is good, whether that’s garden beds, flower pots, window boxes, grow bags on a balcony, or even the lawn itself if you want a wild ‘meadow’ type lawn. Whatever the choice, it’s best if it’s somewhere that won’t be disturbed by you/the family though, as you wouldn’t want the wildflowers trampled once they do arrive.
With regard to sowing the seeds, follow any seed-specific instructions on packets in relation to timing and spacing. If you’re using self-harvested seeds or there are no instructions, simply sprinkle the seeds so they’re spaced, fairly evenly, i.e. not too densely sown. This will avoid the wildflower plants having to compete with one another once they start growing. A tip is to sprinkle from a height as this will naturally scatter them more widely. Once scattered, your child can help* to pat the soil surface down, either by hand or using the back of a tool like a spade or a trowel, so that the seeds are secured in the soil. Children can even ‘walk’ them in if they prefer. Once complete, ensure that you/your child keep the soil damp over the coming weeks. The preparation stage really is as simple as that!